Lumpy Skin Disease
Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is spreading fast in Pakistan along
with other countries and causing significant economic losses.
LSD affects cattle such as cows and buffaloes and is caused
by LSD virus. The disease is mainly transmitted via blood-sucking insects like different
species of mosquitoes, flies and ticks. Other sources of transmission include direct
contact with infected animals, clothes, surfaces and utensils.
Origin and spread
Originally the disease was contained in Africa and in 2019 it
spread through Southeast Asia and China. In 2021, Vietnam confirmed the cases
of SLD whereas in 2022, the disease was officially reported in Singapore and
Indonesia.
Symptoms
Main symptoms include;
Fever
Watery eyes
Increased slivery and nasal secretions
Skin nodules of about 50 mm in diameter
Scabs inside the nodules that fell off later on by leaving
big holes. These holes may get infect and worsen the disease.
Swelling across limbs, genitals and briskets may happen
However, some animals remain asymptomatic (symptoms does not
appear)
Disease impact
The spread of disease will significantly affect the milk and
meat production and unfortunate death of cows and buffaloes will leave many
farmers in despair because of the huge economic loss. It is estimated that 5
million meat seller and dairy farmers are affected due to the outbreak of SLD
in Pakistan. Eventually, whole nation has to bear the consequences of this
viral disease, therefore, precautionary measures are essential.
Treatment and
prevention
Quarantine/separate the infected animals to avoid the contact
with other healthy animals.
Maintain good hygiene.
Vaccinate the animals as soon as possible.
Use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics to
minimize the chances of secondary infections.
Consult the veterinary doctors for further assistance.
Take home message: LSD can be life threatening
particularly in previously unexposed animals. Therefore, vaccination against
LSD should be carried out as the preventive measure.
References
https://www.agriculture.gov.au/biosecurity-trade/pests-diseases-weeds/animal/lumpy-skin-disease#is-there-a-risk-of-the-lumpy-skin-disease-virus-escaping-from-a-laboratory
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